MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE

Microbes in Human Welfare

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE 1

These MCQs are intended for checking your Biology, Chapter MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE knowledge.

What is the beneficial role of LAB in our stomach?

1. Checks disease causing microbes

2. It produces alkali which coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins

3. Causes souring of milk by decreasing nutritional quality

4. Increases the amount of vitamin-D

Which of the following microbe is made up protein only?

1. Viroids

2. Bacteria

3. Virus

4. Prions

Unicellular symbiotic organisms improve yield of legumes by

1. Inducing the host plant to absorb more phosphorus

2. Fixing atmospheric nitrogen and colonizing roots of host plant

3. Stimulating the host plant to become tolerant to drought

4. Fixing atmospheric nitrogen and colonizing roots of host plant

Which bacterium helps in the production of ‘Swiss cheese’?

1. Propionibacterium sharmanii

2. Aspergillus niger

3. Trichoderma polysporum

4. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Bacillus thuringiensis is used to control :

1. Bacterial pathogens

2. insect pests

3. nematodes

4. fungal pathogens

High yield of vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamine) is obtained from

1. P. Sharmani

2. Propionibacterium freudenreichii

3. All

4. Pseudomonas dinitrificans

The large holes in cheddar cheese are formed due the amount of CO2 released by a bacterium named.

1. Streptococcus

2. Leuconostoc mesenteroids

3. Zymomonas mobilis

4. Propionibacterium sharmanii.

Which of the following microbe is the source of first antibiotic?

1. Staphylococci

2. Bacillus brevis

3. Penicillium notatum

4. Aspergillus niger

Methanogens grow anaerobically on cellulose material and produce
I. Methane II. Oxygen
III. carbon dioxide IV. hydrogen

1. II, III, IV

2. I, II, IV

3. I, II, III, IV

4. I, II

The product of Monascus purpureus has been commercialised as

1. Blood-cholesterol lowering agent

2. Bottled juices clarifying agents

3. Clot buster

4. Immunosuppressive agent

Which of the following are the pair of biofertilizers?

1. Rhizobium and grasses

2. Salmonella and E.coli

3. Azolla and blue green algae

4. Nostoc and legume

Streptokinase which is used as a ‘clot buster’ obtained from

1. Saccharomyces

2. Streptococcus

3. Lactobacillus

4. Staphylococcus

A microbial biocontrol agent that can be used to control butterfly catepillars is

1. Bacillus thuringiensis

2. Mycorrihiza

3. Trichoderma polysporum

4. Streptococcus

Microbial colonies

1. Can be grown on nutritive media

2. Are useful in study of microbes

3. Can be seen by naked eyes

4. More than one option is correct

The bacterium responsible for biogas production are collectively called

1. Cyanobacterium

2. Thermoacidophiles

3. Methanogens

4. Halophiles

Biogas generation is a three anaerobic digestion of animal and other orgtanic wastes. Study the following flowchart
and select the correct option for stages I, II and III.

1. In stage – III, organic acids are acted upon by methanogenic bacteria to produce biogas.

2. In stage – II, monomers are converted into organic acids by fermentation causing microbes

3. All of these

4. In state – I, anaerobic microorganisms bring about enzymatic breakdown of complex organic compounds into simple soluble compounds or monomers.

- - are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from laundry.

1. Ligases

2. Pectinases

3. Proteases

4. Lipases

Cyclosporine is obtained from

1. Trichodermapolysporum

2. Both (Trichodermapolysporum) and (Tolyocladiuminflatum)

3. Bacillus subtilis

4. Tolyocladiuminflatum

Statins are obtained from

1. Clostridium butyricum

2. Mucor Javanicus

3. Streptococcus

4. Monascuspurpureus

What are flocs?

1. Masses of aerobic bacteria associated with fungal filaments

2. Masses of aerobic fungi only

3. Masses of anaerobic bacteria

4. Masses of anaerobic bacteria and fungi

The domestic sewage in large cities.

1. Has a high BOD as sit containing both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

2. is processed by aerobic and then anaerobic bacteria in the secondary treatment is sewage Treatment Plants (STPs)

3. has very high amounts of suspended solids and dissolved salts

4. When treated in STPs does not really require the aeration step as the sewage contains adequate oxygen

What are important products of yeast fermentation?

1. Butanol, glycerol and pyric acid

2. Phenylethanol, amylalcohol and caproiacid

3. All

4. Ethanol and acetic acid

Select the microbe which is the source of ‘clot buster’ enzyme.

1. Fungi; Penicillium notatum

2. Bacterium; Lactobacillus

3. Fungi; Aspergillus niger

4. Bacterium; Streptococcus

Organic farming, a recently adopted method to minimise the use of pesticide includes

1. Adoption of intercropping and crop rotation

2. Procuring sustained yield at low costs

3. All

4. No disruption to local ecosystem

Which gas is responsible for the puffed-up appearance of dough?

1. SO2

2. NO2

3. CO2

4. O2

Which one of the following is wrongly matched

1. Streptomycetes - Antibiotic

2. Coliforms - Vinegar

3. Yeast - Ethanol

4. Methanogens - Gobar gas

During sewage treatment the microorganisms participate under which step?

1. Secondary

2. Tertiary

3. Primary

4. None of these

Treatment of waste-water is done by the

1. Heterotrophic microbes naturally present in sewage

2. Chemoautotrophic microbes, naturally present in sewage

3. Photoautrophic microbes, naturally present in sewage

4. Heterotrophic microbes inoculated in the sewage from outside only

What happens to activated sludge?

1. It undergoes sequential filtration

2. The major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters

3. It is completely pumped back into aeration tank to serve as inoculum

4. It is generally released into natural water bodies like rivers and streams

A free living nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium which can also form symbiotic association with the water fern Azolla
is

1. Nostoc

2. Tolypothrix

3. Anabaena

4. Chlorella

In gobar gas, the maximum amount is that of

1. Carbon dioxide

2. Butane

3. Methane

4. Propane

An immunosuppressive agent used in organ transplant patients is

1. Streptokinase

2. Lipases

3. Statins

4. Cyclosporin-A

The microbe used for making bread is

1. Saccharomyces pireformis

2. Saccharomyces ellipsoidens

3. Saccharomyces sake

4. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

- - are produced by yeast and act by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol.

1. Cyclosporin - A

2. Statins

3. Alcohol

4. Penicillin

Which of the following options contains the end products formed during anaerobic respiration in yeast?

1. H2S, C2H12O6 and energy

2. H2O and CO2

3. H2O, CO2 and energy

4. CO2, C2H5OH and energy

Production of beverages at industrial scale requires growing microbes in very large containers knows as

1. Fermentors

2. Dough

3. Concrete tank

4. Digesters

Ladybug is a predator of

1. Bacteria

2. Moths

3. Beetles

4. Aphids

The first antibiotic was discovered accidently by – A – while working on – B --

1. A- Fleming; B-Staphylococci

2. A-Fleming; B-penicillium notatum

3. A-Waksman; B-Bacillus brevis

4. A- Waksman; B – penicillium notatum

In a sewage treatment plant, primary treatment is

1. Biological process which formation of primary sludge and effluent

2. Biological process which involves both fitration and sedimentation

3. Physical process which involves sedimentation only

4. Physical process which involves both fitration and sedimentation

One of the major difficulties in the biological control on insect pests is that

1. The practical difficulty of introducing predator to specific areas

2. The predator does not always survive when transferred to a new environment

3. The method is less effective and compared with the use of insecticides

4. The predator develops a preference to other diets and may itself become a pest

Cyclosporine A is used for

1. enhancing tenderness of from

2. lowering cholesterol level

3. dissolving blood clots

4. immunosuppression

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) discourages the excessive use of

1. mechanical methods

2. variable cultural controls

3. biological methods

4. Chemical pesticides

Biofertilizers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. Which of the following can be used as
biofertilizers?

1. All of these

2. Nitrogen fixing bacteria

3. Mycorrhizae

4. Nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria

Find the odd one w.r.t distilled alcholic beverages

1. Brandy

2. Beer

3. Rum

4. Whisky

Measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a method used for

1. Working out the efficiency of R.B.C’s about their capacity to carry oxygen

2. Estimating the amount of organic matter is sewage water

3. Working out the efficiency of oil driven automobile engines

4. Measuring the activity of Saccharmyces cerevisae in producing curd on a commercial scale

What is the composition of the biogas?

1. Methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen etc.

2. Methane, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide etc.

3. Methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen etc.

4. Methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, nitrogen dioxide etc.

The strain of this fungi are used for the production of citric acid.

1. Rhizopus

2. A. niger

3. Aspergillus fumigatus

4. A. flavus

Single cell protein refers to :

1. A specific protein extracted from pure culture of single type of cells

2. A specific protein extracted from a single cell JBH 30

3. Proteins extracted from a single cell

4. Sources of mixed proteins extracted from pure or mixed culture of organisms or cells.

The fruit juice turn bitter in taste if they are kept in open place for sometime, because of

1. Fermentation of the juice by yeast

2. Some internal factors

3. Bacteria of the atmosphere react with the juice

4. three statements are correct

Which industrial products are synthesized from microbes?
I. Antibiotics II. Fermented beverage
III. Enzymes and chemical IV. Bioactive molecules

1. I, II, III, IV

2. I, II, III

3. I, III, IV

4. I, III

Trichoderma polysporum yields an important bioactive compound. Which is used as immunosuppressive agent in
organ transplantation. This is compound is

1. Polysporin

2. Pentacyclosporin

3. Cyclohydrosporin

4. Cyclosporin

Which of the following is traditional drink of some parts of southern India, made by fermenting sap from palms?

1. Toddy

2. Cashewapple

3. Tea

4. Beer

Which of the following microbe is used for ripening of Swiss cheese?

1. Propionibacterium sharmanii

2. P. camemebertii

3. Streptomyces griseus

4. Penicillium roquefortii

Study the following statements and select the correct ones.
(i) Methanogens are archaebacteria which fixes atmospheric nitrogen
(ii) Nostoc is a filamentous blue green alga which fixes atmospheric nitrogen
(iii) Mycoplasma lack a cell wall and can survive without oxygen.

1. (ii) and (iii)

2. (i) and (ii)

3. (i) and (iii)

4. (i), (ii) and (iii)

Passage of effluents into oxidation tank is for

1. tertiary treatment

2. secondary treatment

3. Both (A) and (B)

4. primary treatment

In a sewage plant BOD is indicated as high. After sometime is shows decreases then

1. There is increase in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen

2. There is decrease in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen

3. There is increase in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen

4. There is decrease in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen

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Microbes in Human Welfare

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