MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE

Microbes in Human Welfare

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE 1

These MCQs are intended for checking your Biology, Chapter MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE knowledge.

High yield of vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamine) is obtained from

1. Pseudomonas dinitrificans

2. All

3. Propionibacterium freudenreichii

4. P. Sharmani

Cyclosporine is obtained from

1. Trichodermapolysporum

2. Tolyocladiuminflatum

3. Bacillus subtilis

4. Both (Trichodermapolysporum) and (Tolyocladiuminflatum)

Which bacterium helps in the production of ‘Swiss cheese’?

1. Propionibacterium sharmanii

2. Aspergillus niger

3. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

4. Trichoderma polysporum

The domestic sewage in large cities.

1. is processed by aerobic and then anaerobic bacteria in the secondary treatment is sewage Treatment Plants (STPs)

2. Has a high BOD as sit containing both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

3. When treated in STPs does not really require the aeration step as the sewage contains adequate oxygen

4. has very high amounts of suspended solids and dissolved salts

Which of the following microbe is used for ripening of Swiss cheese?

1. Penicillium roquefortii

2. P. camemebertii

3. Streptomyces griseus

4. Propionibacterium sharmanii

What happens to activated sludge?

1. It is generally released into natural water bodies like rivers and streams

2. The major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters

3. It is completely pumped back into aeration tank to serve as inoculum

4. It undergoes sequential filtration

Passage of effluents into oxidation tank is for

1. secondary treatment

2. Both (A) and (B)

3. tertiary treatment

4. primary treatment

Ladybug is a predator of

1. Moths

2. Beetles

3. Aphids

4. Bacteria

Statins are obtained from

1. Streptococcus

2. Monascuspurpureus

3. Mucor Javanicus

4. Clostridium butyricum

Methanogens grow anaerobically on cellulose material and produce
I. Methane II. Oxygen
III. carbon dioxide IV. hydrogen

1. I, II, III, IV

2. II, III, IV

3. I, II, IV

4. I, II

In a sewage plant BOD is indicated as high. After sometime is shows decreases then

1. There is decrease in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen

2. There is increase in bacterial growth but increase in oxygen

3. There is decrease in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen

4. There is increase in bacterial growth but decrease in oxygen

In a sewage treatment plant, primary treatment is

1. Biological process which involves both fitration and sedimentation

2. Biological process which formation of primary sludge and effluent

3. Physical process which involves sedimentation only

4. Physical process which involves both fitration and sedimentation

Which gas is responsible for the puffed-up appearance of dough?

1. NO2

2. SO2

3. CO2

4. O2

The large holes in cheddar cheese are formed due the amount of CO2 released by a bacterium named.

1. Propionibacterium sharmanii.

2. Leuconostoc mesenteroids

3. Streptococcus

4. Zymomonas mobilis

Cyclosporine A is used for

1. lowering cholesterol level

2. immunosuppression

3. enhancing tenderness of from

4. dissolving blood clots

Microbial colonies

1. Are useful in study of microbes

2. Can be seen by naked eyes

3. Can be grown on nutritive media

4. More than one option is correct

An immunosuppressive agent used in organ transplant patients is

1. Streptokinase

2. Lipases

3. Cyclosporin-A

4. Statins

One of the major difficulties in the biological control on insect pests is that

1. The predator develops a preference to other diets and may itself become a pest

2. The method is less effective and compared with the use of insecticides

3. The predator does not always survive when transferred to a new environment

4. The practical difficulty of introducing predator to specific areas

During sewage treatment the microorganisms participate under which step?

1. Tertiary

2. None of these

3. Primary

4. Secondary

What is the composition of the biogas?

1. Methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, nitrogen dioxide etc.

2. Methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen etc.

3. Methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen etc.

4. Methane, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide etc.

Treatment of waste-water is done by the

1. Photoautrophic microbes, naturally present in sewage

2. Chemoautotrophic microbes, naturally present in sewage

3. Heterotrophic microbes inoculated in the sewage from outside only

4. Heterotrophic microbes naturally present in sewage

Which of the following microbe is made up protein only?

1. Viroids

2. Prions

3. Bacteria

4. Virus

Measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a method used for

1. Estimating the amount of organic matter is sewage water

2. Working out the efficiency of oil driven automobile engines

3. Measuring the activity of Saccharmyces cerevisae in producing curd on a commercial scale

4. Working out the efficiency of R.B.C’s about their capacity to carry oxygen

The microbe used for making bread is

1. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2. Saccharomyces sake

3. Saccharomyces pireformis

4. Saccharomyces ellipsoidens

The first antibiotic was discovered accidently by – A – while working on – B --

1. A-Waksman; B-Bacillus brevis

2. A- Fleming; B-Staphylococci

3. A- Waksman; B – penicillium notatum

4. A-Fleming; B-penicillium notatum

A microbial biocontrol agent that can be used to control butterfly catepillars is

1. Streptococcus

2. Bacillus thuringiensis

3. Trichoderma polysporum

4. Mycorrihiza

Which one of the following is wrongly matched

1. Yeast - Ethanol

2. Streptomycetes - Antibiotic

3. Coliforms - Vinegar

4. Methanogens - Gobar gas

- - are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from laundry.

1. Pectinases

2. Proteases

3. Ligases

4. Lipases

What is the beneficial role of LAB in our stomach?

1. Causes souring of milk by decreasing nutritional quality

2. Checks disease causing microbes

3. It produces alkali which coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins

4. Increases the amount of vitamin-D

Unicellular symbiotic organisms improve yield of legumes by

1. Fixing atmospheric nitrogen and colonizing roots of host plant

2. Stimulating the host plant to become tolerant to drought

3. Fixing atmospheric nitrogen and colonizing roots of host plant

4. Inducing the host plant to absorb more phosphorus

Study the following statements and select the correct ones.
(i) Methanogens are archaebacteria which fixes atmospheric nitrogen
(ii) Nostoc is a filamentous blue green alga which fixes atmospheric nitrogen
(iii) Mycoplasma lack a cell wall and can survive without oxygen.

1. (i) and (iii)

2. (ii) and (iii)

3. (i), (ii) and (iii)

4. (i) and (ii)

The bacterium responsible for biogas production are collectively called

1. Halophiles

2. Cyanobacterium

3. Thermoacidophiles

4. Methanogens

Streptokinase which is used as a ‘clot buster’ obtained from

1. Streptococcus

2. Lactobacillus

3. Staphylococcus

4. Saccharomyces

Select the microbe which is the source of ‘clot buster’ enzyme.

1. Fungi; Aspergillus niger

2. Bacterium; Streptococcus

3. Fungi; Penicillium notatum

4. Bacterium; Lactobacillus

Find the odd one w.r.t distilled alcholic beverages

1. Beer

2. Rum

3. Brandy

4. Whisky

Which of the following options contains the end products formed during anaerobic respiration in yeast?

1. H2O and CO2

2. H2O, CO2 and energy

3. H2S, C2H12O6 and energy

4. CO2, C2H5OH and energy

Biofertilizers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. Which of the following can be used as
biofertilizers?

1. Nitrogen fixing bacteria

2. Nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria

3. All of these

4. Mycorrhizae

Which industrial products are synthesized from microbes?
I. Antibiotics II. Fermented beverage
III. Enzymes and chemical IV. Bioactive molecules

1. I, II, III

2. I, III

3. I, II, III, IV

4. I, III, IV

Which of the following microbe is the source of first antibiotic?

1. Bacillus brevis

2. Staphylococci

3. Penicillium notatum

4. Aspergillus niger

Which of the following are the pair of biofertilizers?

1. Rhizobium and grasses

2. Azolla and blue green algae

3. Nostoc and legume

4. Salmonella and E.coli

What are flocs?

1. Masses of aerobic fungi only

2. Masses of anaerobic bacteria

3. Masses of anaerobic bacteria and fungi

4. Masses of aerobic bacteria associated with fungal filaments

- - are produced by yeast and act by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol.

1. Statins

2. Cyclosporin - A

3. Penicillin

4. Alcohol

Single cell protein refers to :

1. A specific protein extracted from a single cell JBH 30

2. Proteins extracted from a single cell

3. Sources of mixed proteins extracted from pure or mixed culture of organisms or cells.

4. A specific protein extracted from pure culture of single type of cells

Organic farming, a recently adopted method to minimise the use of pesticide includes

1. No disruption to local ecosystem

2. All

3. Procuring sustained yield at low costs

4. Adoption of intercropping and crop rotation

Production of beverages at industrial scale requires growing microbes in very large containers knows as

1. Dough

2. Fermentors

3. Concrete tank

4. Digesters

Biogas generation is a three anaerobic digestion of animal and other orgtanic wastes. Study the following flowchart
and select the correct option for stages I, II and III.

1. All of these

2. In state – I, anaerobic microorganisms bring about enzymatic breakdown of complex organic compounds into simple soluble compounds or monomers.

3. In stage – III, organic acids are acted upon by methanogenic bacteria to produce biogas.

4. In stage – II, monomers are converted into organic acids by fermentation causing microbes

The strain of this fungi are used for the production of citric acid.

1. A. flavus

2. A. niger

3. Rhizopus

4. Aspergillus fumigatus

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) discourages the excessive use of

1. biological methods

2. variable cultural controls

3. Chemical pesticides

4. mechanical methods

The product of Monascus purpureus has been commercialised as

1. Bottled juices clarifying agents

2. Clot buster

3. Immunosuppressive agent

4. Blood-cholesterol lowering agent

In gobar gas, the maximum amount is that of

1. Butane

2. Propane

3. Methane

4. Carbon dioxide

Trichoderma polysporum yields an important bioactive compound. Which is used as immunosuppressive agent in
organ transplantation. This is compound is

1. Pentacyclosporin

2. Cyclosporin

3. Polysporin

4. Cyclohydrosporin

Which of the following is traditional drink of some parts of southern India, made by fermenting sap from palms?

1. Toddy

2. Beer

3. Cashewapple

4. Tea

A free living nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium which can also form symbiotic association with the water fern Azolla
is

1. Nostoc

2. Anabaena

3. Chlorella

4. Tolypothrix

What are important products of yeast fermentation?

1. All

2. Ethanol and acetic acid

3. Butanol, glycerol and pyric acid

4. Phenylethanol, amylalcohol and caproiacid

The fruit juice turn bitter in taste if they are kept in open place for sometime, because of

1. Some internal factors

2. three statements are correct

3. Bacteria of the atmosphere react with the juice

4. Fermentation of the juice by yeast

Bacillus thuringiensis is used to control :

1. insect pests

2. Bacterial pathogens

3. nematodes

4. fungal pathogens

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Microbes in Human Welfare

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