Excretory Products and Their Elimination EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION 1These MCQs are intended for checking your Biology Chapter EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION, knowledge. Choose the correct ones. I. Efferent arteriole carries the blood away from the glomerulus toward renal vein. II. Afferent arteriole carries the blood to renal vein. III. Podocytes form minute spaces(slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule. IV. In Henle's loop is maximum reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate. The correct option is 1. I, II and III 2. Only III 3. Only IV 4. III and IV Identify the true statements and choose the correct option accordingly. I. Blood vessel leading to the glomerulus is called efferent arteriole. II. Vasa recta , peritubular capillaries and glomerulus, all have blood. III. Cortical nephrons have highly reduced vasa recta. IV.VasarectarunsparalleltotheHenle'sloopinthejuxta-medullarynephron. 1. (D)II, III and IV 2. (A)I, II and III 3. (C)I, III and IV 4. (B)I, II and IV The cortical part that extends between medullary pyramids as renal columns are called 1. column of Martini 2. columns of Bertini 3. columns of renal 4. columns of kidney Which of the following structures are situated in the cortical region of the kidney? I. Malpighian corpuscle II. PCT (Proximal Convoluted Tubule) III. DCT (Distal Convoluted Tubule) IV. Loop of Henle V. Collecting duct 1. I, II and III 2. II, III and IV 3. IV, V and I 4. III, IV and V The human kidney has about 1. three million nephrons 2. one million nephrons 3. ten million nephrons 4. two million nephrons Different types of excretory structures and animal are given below match them appropriately a mark the correct answer from among these given below.Column IColumn IIA.Protonephridia1.PrawnB.Nephridia2.CockroachC.Malpighian tubules3.EarthwormD.Green gland/ Antennary gland4.Flatworms 1. A- 4, B-3, C- 1, D-2 2. A-2, B- 3, C- 1, D-2 3. A- 4, B- 3, C-2, D-1 4. A- 2, B-3, C-2, D-4 Which of the following pairs is wrong? 1. ureotelic……elephant 2. uricotelic….. birds 3. ureotelic….. insects 4. ammonotelic……tadpole Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by ...A..., a fine branch of renal artery. Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an …B… Select the correct option for A and B. 1. vasa recta, Bowman'a capsule 2. vasa recta, afferent arteriole 3. afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole 4. None of the above In…… nitrogenous waste is excreted in the form of nitrogenous pellet. 1. None of these 2. fishes [1] 3. reptiles 4. sponges Flame cells or protonephridia are the excretory structures in 1. arthropods 2. platyhelminthes 3. crustaceans 4. annelids The excretory organ in crustaceans, like prawns is 1. nephridia 2. antennary glands 3. flame cells 4. Malpighian tubules In juxta-medullary nephrons 1. All 2. vasa recta is prominent 3. loop of Henle is long 4. loop of Henle runs deep into the medulla In the glomerulus of the nephron, the afferent arteriole is 1. wider than efferent arteriole 2. narrower than efferent arteriole 3. of some diameter as efferent arteriole 4. of same diameter as vasa recta Match the following columns.Column I(Excretory structure)Column II(Examples)A.Simple tubular forms1.AnnelidsB.Complex tubular forms2.Platyhelminthes and RotifersC.Protonephridia or flame cells3.VertebratesD.Nephridia4.Most Invertebrates 1. A-1 B- 2, C- 4, D-3 2. A- 1, B- 2, C-3, D-4 3. A- 4, B-3, C- 1, D-2 4. A- 4 B-3, C-2, D-1 Why terrestrial organism excrete lesser toxic nitrogenous waste? 1. It is easy to excrete less toxic substances 2. For conservation of water 3. To facilitate simple diffusion 4. For maintaing osmolarity Inner to the hilum of the kidney, there is a broad as funnel-shaped space called 1. adrenal gland 2. medulla 3. cortex 4. renal pelvis The process of excretion involves 1. removal of the substances which have never been used by the body 2. byproducts removal formed during useful activities in the body 3. removal of useful substances from the body 4. removal of metabolic waste from the body Identify A-D in the following structure and tick the correct option for A, B, C and D. 1. A—Efferent arteriole, B—Afferent arteriole, C—Bowman's capsule, D—DCT 2. A—Efferent arteriole, B—Efferent arteriole, C—Bowman's capsule, D—DCT 3. A—Afferent arteriole, B—Efferent arteriole, C—Bowman's capsule, D—Proximal convoluted tubule 4. A—Efferent arteriole, B—Afferent arteriole, C—Bowman's capsule, D—DCT The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them 1. uric acid 2. CO2 3. amoonia 4. urea Study the given structure and match A, B, C, D, E. F and G with correct option. 1. A-Afferent arteriole, B-Proximal convoluted tubule, C-Henle's loop, D-Distal convoluted tubule, E- Peritubular capaillaries, F- Collecting duct, G-Vasa recta 2. A-Afferent arteriole, B-Henlc's loop. C- Collecting duct, D-PCT, E-DCT. F-Peritubular capilla, G-Vasa recta 3. A-Efferent arteriole, B-PCT, C-Henle's loop, D-DCT, E-Peritubular capillaries, F- Collecting duct, G-Vasa recta 4. A-Afferent arteriole, B-Peritubular capillaries, C-Henle's loop, D-DCT. E-PCT, F-Collecting duet. G- Vasa recta Arrange the following parts of the nephron in a sequential manner and select the correct option accordingly.I. Glomerulus II. Bowman's capsule III. Henle's loop IV. Proximal convoluted tubule V. Collecting duct VI. Distal convoluted tubule 1. VI-III-II-I-VI-V 2. I-II-IV-III-V-VI 3. I-II-III-IV-V-VI 4. I-II-IV-III-VI Aquatic animals excrete ammonia. Which of the following statements does not support this statement? 1. Ammonia is released from the body in gaseous state 2. Ammonia gets converted into less toxic form called urea and uric acid 3. Ammonia is highly toxic and needs to be eliminated as and when formed 4. Ammonia is easily soluble in water Accessory excretory I. skin II. lungs III. liver IV. sebaceous gland Choose the correct option. 1. II and III 2. III and IV 3. I, II, III, and IV 4. I and II Choose the correct ones. I. Vasa recta is lacking in cortical nephrons. II. Maximum number of nephrons in kidney are juxta-medullary type. III. DCT of many nephrons open into collecting tubule. IV. During summer when body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed. V. When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed. VI. An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of angiotensin -II.The correct option is 1. I and IV 2. I and V 3. Only II 4. V and VI In ureotelic animals, ammonia produced by metabolism is converted into area in 1. lungs 2. spleen 3. kidney 4. liver Match the following columnsColumn IColumn IIA.Delivers blood to glomerulus1.Ascending and descending limbB.Carries urine to pelvis2.Renal arteryC.Collects filtrate from Bowman’s capsule3.Collecting ductD.Loop of Henle4.Proximal convoluted tubules 1. A- 2, B-3, C-1, D-4 2. A- 2, B-3, C- 4, D-1 3. A- 1, B- 3, C-2, D-1 4. A-1, B- 2, C- 3, D-4 Order of toxicity among ammonia, area and uric acid (from lower to higher) is 1. uric acid < urea < ammonia 2. ammonia < urea < uric acid 3. urea < uric acid < ammonia 4. uric acid < ammonia < urea In cortical nephrons, 1. the DCT is short 2. the PCT is very long 3. loop of Henle is short 4. loop of Henle is long The U-shaped minute vessel that runs parallel to the Henle's loop is 1. None of the above 2. vasa recta 3. collecting duct 4. glomerulus Figure shows human urinary system with structures labelled A-D. Select option, which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristics and/of functions? 1. A-Adrenal gland-located at the anterior part of kidney. Secrete catecholamines, which stimulate glycogen breakdown 2. C-Medulla-inner zone of kidney and contains complete nephrons 3. D-Cortex-outer part of kidney and do not contain any part of nephrons 4. B-Pelvis-broad funnel shaped space inner to Medulla , directly connected to loops of Henle Animals accumulates waste like urea, uric acid, Co2, H2o, ions like Na+, K+, Cl-, phosphate, sulphate, etc., by 1. metabolic activities 2. Both (metabolic activities) and (excess ingestion) 3. excretion 4. excess ingestion I. The outer layer of the kidney is called capsule. II. Cortex is divided into outer cortex and inner medulla. III. Medulla is divided into medullary pyramids. IV. The cortex extends in between the medullary pyramids which is called as columns of Bertini. Identify the correct statements and Choose the correct option accordingly 1. I, and IV 2. I, II, and III 3. I, III and IV 4. I, II, III and IV In majority of nephrons, the loop of Henle's is found in the 1. pelvis region of the kidney 2. medullary region of the kidney 3. Both (a) and (b) 4. cortical region of the kidney Structural and functional unit of the kidney is 1. nephron 2. nephridia 3. hilum 4. medulla Malpighian tubules are the excretory structures of 1. birds 2. mammals 3. insects 4. reptiles Which one of the following statement is incorrect? 1. The medullary zone of kidney is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids projecting into the calyces 2. Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal pelvis 3. Renal corpuscle, Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) and Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) of the nephron are situated in the cortical region of kidney. 4. Glomerulus along with Bowman's capsule is called the renal corpuscle Malpighian body or renal corpuscle is/are 1. Bowman's capsule 2. Glomerulus 3. Both (a) and (b) 4. PCT Excretion of nitrogenous products in the semisolid form is performed by 1. ammonotelic organisms 2. ureotelic organisms 3. All of the above 4. uricotelic organisms s in Choose the correct statement. 1. The ascending limb of Henle's loop extends as the DCT 2. The PCT and DCT are situated in the medulla of the kidney 3. The juxta-medullary nephrons have reduced Henle's loop 4. Vasa recta is well developed in cortical nephrone Which of the following organism is/are ammonotelic? 1. Bony fishes 2. Both (Aquatic amphibians) and (Bony fishes) 3. Aquatic amphibians 4. Mammals Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) is lined by 1. Columnar epithelium 2. Stratified epithelium 3. squamous epithelium 4. Cuboidal epithelium Identify A-D in the given structure and choose the correct option accordingly. 1. A-Urethra, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Calyx 2. A-Calyx. B-Cortex, C-Ronal column. D-Urethra 3. A-Urethra, B-Calyx, C-Renal column, D-Cortex 4. A-Calyx, B-Cortex, C-Renal column, D-Ureter The medullary pyramids projects into the 1. cortex 2. calyx 3. None of these 4. Renal pelvis Among ammonia, uric acid and urea, which one is the most soluble'? 1. Urea 2. Both(Ammonia) and (Uric acid) 3. Ammonia 4. Uric acid Choose correct statement. I. Juxta medullary nephrons have reduced Henle's loop. II. Vasa recta is well developed in juxta-medullary region of cortical nephron. III. PCT and DCT situated in medulla. IV. Glomerulus encloses the Bowman's capsule. V. The ascending limb of the Henle's loop extends as DCT. 1. Only V 2. II and III 3. I and II 4. V and IV Among ammonia, uric acid and urea; which one needs the least amount of water to excrete? 1. Uric acid 2. Both (Uric acid) and (Urea) 3. Urea 4. Ammonia Match the following columns.Column IColumn IIA.Ammonotelic1.Aquatic invertebratesB.Ureotelic2.ReptilesC.Uricotelic3.BirdsD. 4.Amphibians 1. A- 2,3 B-1, C-4 2. A- 1, B-4, C- 2,3 3. A-1,2 B- 3, C- 4 4. A- 4, B- 3, C-1,2 We can produce a concentrated/dilute urine. This is facilitated by a special mechanism. Identify the mechanism. 1. Reabsorption from collecting duct 2. Reabsorption from PCT 3. Reabsorption/secretion in DCT 4. Counter-current mechanism in Henle's loop/vasa recta Each nephron has two parts, which are 1. Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule 2. Bowman's capsule and renal tubule 3. Bowman's capsule and PCT 4. Glomerulus and renal tubule Name the types of nephrons where vasa recta is absent. 1. Juxta-medullary nephrons 2. Medullary nephrons 3. Both (Medullary nephrons) and (Cortical nephrons) 4. Cortical nephrons Part of the kidney through which the ureter, blood vessels and nerves enters into it is 1. renal cortex 2. hilum 3. urethra 4. renal medulla Your score is 0% Restart quiz Try other ChapterChapter 1: THE LIVING WORLD.Chapter 2: BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION.Chapter 3: PLANT KINGDOM.Chapter 4: ANIMAL KINGDOM.Chapter 5: MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS.Chapter 6: ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS.Chapter 7: STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS.Chapter 8: CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE.Chapter 9: BIOMOLECULES.Chapter 10: CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION.Chapter 11: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS.Chapter 12: MINERAL NUTRITION.Chapter 13: PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS.Chapter 14: RESPIRATION IN PLANTS.Chapter 15: PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT.Chapter 16: DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION.Chapter 17: BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES.Chapter 18: BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION.Chapter 20: LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT.Chapter 21: NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION.Chapter 22: CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION. More